Making Paints
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Painting as an integral aspect of the human tradition dates to thousand years ago. Of the many properties of the product, the drying time is important to consumers. The thickness of the paint and environmental factors like humidity affect this parameter. Paint manufacturing equipment must include a humidity test chamber to assess the behavior of paint under different weather conditions.
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Water-based paints versus oil-based paints
Years ago, nearly all available paints were oil-based, but today consumers have the option of a water-based coating. In the process of paint manufacturing, the solvent determines the paint type. Oil-based paints contain oil as their solvent, while water-based paints use mainly water. Oil- or solvent-based paints have a much higher level of organic compounds than their counterpart. These compounds enhance their application, drying time, and durability. However, they release strong odor and toxic volatile organic compounds that negatively impact the environment.
Recently, technological advancements have led to the manufacture of water-based paints that have excellent drying time with far less odor. The common paint manufacturing equipment used for both include mixers, mills, and filters.
Mixers are important for solid-liquid mixing. Mills are used to damage any coagulated particles while filters purify the paint. The choice between both depends on what you want to achieve. Generally, water-based paints retain their colors for a long time and are better for outdoor painting, while rust-resistant oil-based paints go better with moldings and trims.
The impact of Volatile Organic Compounds on the environment
As paints dry, they release Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), chemical compounds that evaporate at room temperature. When they do it, they negatively impact human health and the environment. Once they are in the air, they play significant roles in forming ozone. These compounds also trigger conditions like allergies, asthmatic reactions, and skin and eyes inflammation.
Water-based paints solve these concerns because they don’t contain organic compounds. As a regulatory measure, the European Union has published a test standard that uniformly controls the emission rate from products. This authorizes manufacturers to test and indicate emission measurements from their products.
Standard tests made from paint manufacturing equipment
Paint manufacturers must ensure the solvent they use aligns with quality control standards. They do this by testing various parameters. Some of these tests include a density test which checks if the solvent is mixed with other components or not. A pigment test helps to know the amount of binder and resin required to absorb a specific amount of pigment. A fineness test checks how smooth painted surfaces will be, while the gloss test determines the degree of shine for the paint. Other tests are washability and impact resistance. They ascertain the paint’s resistance to washing and measure the film’s resistance against hard shocks, respectively.
Application of paints, defined by their constituents
End-products from a paint manufacturing machine differ in their application depending on their constituents. Oil-based coatings are tougher than water-based paints and are used for residential furniture, metal railings, and industrial steel equipment.
Enamel additive makes the dried surface harder and less porous. Most water-based flooring paints contain enamel additives.
Urethane additives offer superior water and abrasion resistance and are common in industrial coatings, where durability is of utmost importance. Epoxy coatings are easy to apply, dry quickly, and form protective coatings. You can apply them to concrete and steel to offer resistance to water, alkali, and acids.
Processing steps involved in paint making
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