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A toner is a fine powder located in printer and copier cartridges. One peculiar property the product is their ability to act like liquids. Toner manufacturing equipment sees to it that the particle size is between 5 and 30 micrometers to flow through the cartridge.

Which toner technology do you need?

Toner classifiers

Toner classifiers

Especially designed for classifying toner and pigments.

Ultra fine bead mill for nanosuspensions

Ultra fine bead mill for nanosuspensions

Ensuring the quality, efficiency, and reproducibility of nanosuspensions throughout…

Laboratory conical screw vacuum dryer

Laboratory conical screw vacuum dryer

The laboratory conical screw vacuum dryer is particularly suitable for the final dryin…

Fluidized bed opposed jet mills

Fluidized bed opposed jet mills

Fluidized bed opposed jet mills rely purely on particle-to-particle attrition in the center o…

Conical screw vacuum dryer

Conical screw vacuum dryer

The conical screw vacuum dryer is particularly suitable for the final drying of powders, granules,…

High volume 3D shaker mixer for ceramics

High volume 3D shaker mixer for ceramics

Achieving consistent homogeneity and the logistics of handling and introducing larg…

Self-cleaning bead mill for highly viscous materials

Self-cleaning bead mill for highly viscous materials

To prevent blockages, clogging, and cross-contamination coming from h…

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Steel belt cooler for hot melt extrusion

Steel belt cooler for hot melt extrusion

For producing high volumes of extruded hot melt product a flexible, high capacity s…

Drum cooler for laboratory hot melt processes

Drum cooler for laboratory hot melt processes

Do you need to cool molten masses to solid, thin film or flakes in an R&D…

Spherical dryer

Spherical dryer

Drying vessels that are simple, reliable, and easy to maintain increases product quality and process efficiency…

Filter dryer

Filter dryer

The pharmaceutical and bioprocess industries need filtration processes of particularly high quality to ensure the …

Miniature scale high-shear mixer

Miniature scale high-shear mixer

When you have a very limited amount of powder available, you can still test your processes w…

Continuous high-speed paddle mixer

Continuous high-speed paddle mixer

For continuous intensive mixing of fine and cohesive powders, a continuous high-speed pad…

High-shear impact mixer

High-shear impact mixer

When you need to mix cohesive powders with liquids or melt binders and require a homogenous end-produc…

Laboratory roller compactor

Laboratory roller compactor

For the laboratory or small amount compaction, granulation and briquetting of mineral and chemica…

Roller compactor for briquettes

Roller compactor

The roller compactor is used for briquetting larger throughputs. Briquetting is the compression of powders int…

Air flow classifier

Air flow classifier

Air-flow classifier (pneumatic product feed) for the fine classification of talc, calcium carbonate, bento…

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Key steps that occur in the toner manufacturing equipment


To manufacture toners, producers need to dispense synthetic resins, colour pigments, and metal oxides into the automated toner powder manufacturing machine. After that, they compound and extrude it on a cooling belt to chill. This stage is vital to produce discrete, free-flowing toners. Once it’s over, they pass the chilled-down sheet into a pre-crusher to break it down and inject the pre-crushed material into the jet mill to further reduce the particle size. It’s important to remove fine toner dust from the jet-milled toner as it can affect the quality of printing or photocopying. Finally, raw toner goes through a high-speed blender for additive coating. When they are ready, manufacturers fill them into tote bins or cartridges.


What to choose? Conventional toners versus chemical toners

Chemical toners’ producers claim that their product is more consistent, has a smaller particle size, and produces better image quality. However, conventional toners are still more popular than chemical toners because of the large installed base of machines that use conventional toners. New techniques enable producers of conventional toners to generate smaller and more consistent particles. This allows them to compete against their chemical counterpart.

Although the ingredients used for both types are the same, the process of manufacturing chemical toners requires less energy.

The impact of toner machining on health and the environment


Toners are not outrightly toxic, but they can cause genetic mutations. The use of toner manufacturing equipment generates nanoparticles that are capable of altering genetic patterns and metabolic processes. Carbon black, a major constituent of toners, belongs to Group 2B according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, which means it is possibly carcinogenic. Carbon black effects are a major contributor to climate change as they affect plant health and modify rainfall patterns.


An effective measure against these concerns is to use biotoners. They use plant-based toner powders and, in addition, save up to 3 liters of crude oil. The emissions from their printing process are also safe.

Some markets may have their own specificities too. Germany, for instance, implemented the Closed Substance Cycle Waste Management Act (KrWG) of 2012 to foster circular economy and to establish rules for waste generation and management. Toners are included in the act as they need to be sorted and collected separately – so producers or holders of waste need to recover it.

Processing steps involved in toner making

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