Let's make synthetic fertilizer
Which synthetic fertilizer equipment do you need?
Liquid fertilizer filling and capping monobloc
Roller compactor
Flake crusher
Conical gentle crusher
Conical screw mixer
Laboratory roller compactor
Vertical peeler centrifuge
Continuous high impact mixer
High-shear impact mixer
Mixing and fluid bed granulation
Hygienic belt dryer
Continuous fluid bed dryer
Small scale pelleting press
Overhead filter press
High yield filter press
Automatic bagging machine for open mouth bags
Vertical form, fill and seal machine for bags from 5 to 50 kg
Open mouth bag filling machine for powders
Classifier mill for powder coating
Classifier mill for recovered carbon black
Exergy pressurized superheated steam dryer
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Select your synthetic-fertilizer process
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What are you making?
For growth, a plant needs nitrogen compounds. Proteins are essential for all living organisms and are composed of nitrogen-containing the necessary 21 amino acids. As only a few microorganisms are capable to absorb elemental nitrogen from the air, high-yield agriculture needs fertilizer added to the soil. Apart from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are two essential macro elements for plant growth. Phosphorous compounds are needed for the energy transfer of living organisms and potassium is responsible for the osmotic flow in cells. In addition to these main components, a lot of microelements are needed for healthy plant vegetation, these micro compounds are also mixed into the fertilizer.
Synthetic fertilizer processing
Fertilizer plants produce so-called NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) fertilizers, a mixture of the three major elements for good quality and quantity of crops. The most important nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium nitrate. Elemental nitrogen of air and hydrogen of natural gas form ammonia. One part is oxidized to nitrous oxides, absorbed by water to form nitric acid. The reaction of this acid with ammonia forms the base of nitrogen fertilizer. As ammonium nitrate is explosive, to counter this, limestone or dolomite powder is mixed with the melted compound. Another synthetic fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, has raw materials that consist mostly of minerals, like several apatites. The insoluble compound is treated with sulphuric acid to form the fertilizer superphosphate. Potassium compounds (mainly chloride, sulfate, and carbonate) are other minerals.
When making fertilizer, the different compounds are granulated and blended together with the help of a rotating drum. The fertilizer now takes its shape in the form of small beads. Any oddly sized beads are then taken out, after which the rest has inert dust applied which helps the fertilizer to keep its moisture. The beads are then dried and transported to a bagging machine.
Blending fertilizer with dolomite for safety
Due to the explosive attributes of ammonium nitrate, limestone or dolomite is blended with the pure compound of nitrogen fertilizer. An additional important side effect of adding this alkaline material is to neutralize the acidification of the soil caused by the fertilizer. The rocks are ground to a fine powder before mixing with fertilizer. High capacity milling can be achieved by a ball mill. By using a classifier, the size of the powder particles can be adjusted to suit the further fertilization-making process.
Transforming powder into dust-free briquettes
A granular product is preferred in the fertilizer market because it can avoid dust generation and lasts longer. Dust can be dangerous for operators and create a harmful working environment. To get dust-free materials, a blend of powder is fed into a compactor where two rollers compress and form briquettes. This briquette technique uses compression forces to remove and entrap air and mechanically bind the fine particles into larger, easy-to-handle material.
Bagging and packing fertilizer
Each end-user asks for a certain type of packaging when it comes to the granulated fertilizer and the bulk material is packed in a bag size that is suited for different demands. Smaller gardeners prefer a bag of one to two kilos, where a bigger customer might require 25-kilo bags. Then there is of course the industrial agricultural partner that requires fertilizer in big bags. For transportation, the bags are placed on a pellet in neat stacks by a robot, wrapped in stretch foil to protect it against possible breakage and spoilage.
Some Background To Synthetic Fertilizers
Synthetic fertilizers are artificially manufactured chemical compounds used to provide essential nutrients to plants. Unlike organic fertilizers, synthetic fertilizers do not contain any organic matter or microbes. Which are crucial for improving soil fertility and soil structure. Although synthetic fertilizers can increase nutrient uptake in plants. They also have several negative impacts on the environment. These negatives include contributing to water pollution and soil degradation. On the other hand, organic fertilizers, such as bone meal, contain natural sources of essential plant nutrients. Thus are able to improve soil fertility and structure by providing organic matter and beneficial microbes to the soil. Therefore, using organic fertilizers is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way to improve soil health and promote plant growth.